Thomas Jefferson One of Americas Most Inspirational Men...

Thomas Jefferson was not only our nations third president, but one of the most inspirational men in our United States history. His life from birth to death will be explained in the following content, and will give you a better understanding of his contributions to the United States and his accomplishments throughout his very interesting life. Thomas was born in Goachland County, Virginia on April 13th, 1743. He lived in his family’s estate called Shadwell that was owned and built by Thomas’ father, Peter Jefferson. His mother’s name was Jane Randolph. She gave birth to Thomas, his seven sisters and one brother. Thomas’ father died when he was only fourteen years old. This hit Thomas in an unfortunate way with sadness and†¦show more content†¦Thomas had these tutors throughout most of his grade school years. When he was thirteen, Thomas lived with a man for two years who taught him how to speak Latin and French. Eventually Thomas learned to speak these languages fairly well. Thomas started his first public school experience at the School of James Maury. He didn’t stay there long for he moved on to attend the College of William and Mary at age sixteen. Thomas made friends here who helped him become a part of a group called the â€Å"Enlightenment Thinkers†. This group helped influence his philosophy on politics. Thomas was inaugurated as the third president of the United States on March 4, 1801. Thomas was the first president to be inaugurated in the Capitol Building. He served two terms of his presidency and did some very memorable things. Thomas Jefferson stopped the treaty to turn Louisiana over to Frances. This is known as the Louisiana Purchase. Citizens were very joyed by this and re-elected him in 1804. Thomas was most famous during his presidency for his relationships with his citizens and the way he used his beliefs to shape the United States. People remember Thomas Jefferson as the president wit h the most â€Å"compassion for rights and his country.† Thomas Jefferson had a passion for two main things; one of which was the rights of the United States. Thomas believed that citizens’ rights were much more important than the beliefs of the government. WithShow MoreRelatedThomas Paine s Political Pamphlet925 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine’s Political Pamphlet Thomas Paine’s political pamphlet entitled Common Sense was a very inspirational piece of writing. Common Sense stirred the American colonists who were pursuing independence. It was also a persuasive piece of writing for the American colonists who were unsure if they wanted to split their ways with Great Britain, or not. Throughout the political pamphlet Paine argues that the colonist were not dependent on Great Britain. He makes powerful points regarding how theRead MoreThe Importance of John Adams 1763-17761606 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of John Adams 1763-1776 â€Å"Fear is the foundation of most governments,† (1) quoted by the fearless leader John Adams. John Adams played significant roles during the years of 1763 through 1776. He was in support of self-governing and independence which caused him to become the leader of the Boston Massacre. Between 1765 and 1776, Adams’s involvement in radical politics ran apace with the escalation of events. In 1770, he was elected to the Massachusetts House of RepresentativesRead More What Is An American Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pagesthis question. In my opinion, an American is someone who values freedom and equality and pursues the American dream. Every American exercises these rights and these are great adjectives to describe our country. Each of the seven readings, and the one image I compiled help mold this broader definition into a more precise description of an American. Robert Creeley, an influential American writer and poet, lived the ideal American dream. He wrote about his struggles early in his life. He lost hisRead MoreFreedom Is Never More Than One Generation Away From Extinction1168 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Freedom is never more than one generation away from extinction. We didn’t pass it to our children in the bloodstream. It must be fought for, protected, and handed on for them to do the same, or one day we will spend our sunset years telling our children and our children’s children what it was once like in the United States where men were free† (Ronald Reagan). â€Å"America is a Nation with a mission and that mission comes from our most basic beliefs. We have no desire to dominate, no ambitions of empireRead MoreTop Ten1569 Words   |  7 Pagestime. Philosophy in the Enlightenment Age focused on an individual’s right to life and liberty. One example of a philosopher from this age is Thomas Jefferson. He famously wrote the Declaration of Independence (1776) that the Continental Congress signed declaring the United States free from the oppression of England. The document begins with, â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that amongRead MorePropaganda During The Revolutionary War3756 Words   |  16 Pagesorder to help a cause, a political leader, a government, etc. Ideas, facts, or allegations spread deliberately to further one s cause or to damage an opposing cause; also: a public action having such an effect. So, by definition, propaganda can be used either in a positive or negative manner depending on ones motivation. Also, it is dependent on the audience upon whom one is trying to affect. The definition states that it is a deliberate act, which is very important to understand when analyzingRead MorePre-Columbian Period9302 Words   |  38 Pagessedentary societies in what is now the US. The Iroquois had a politically advanced and unique social structure that was at the very least inspirational if not directly influential to the later development of the democratic United States government, a departure from the strong monarchies from which the Europeans came.[citation needed] [edit] North Americas Moundbuilder Culture A Mississippian priest, with a ceremonial flint mace. Artist Herb Roe, based on a repousse copper plate.Mound BuilderRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book

Dracula Mina Harker and Lucy Westenra - 1127 Words

In the novel, Dracula, by Bram Stoker, we are introduced to two specific ladies that are essential to the essence of this gothic, horror novel. These two women are Mina Harker and Lucy Westenra. The purpose for these two women was for Stoke to clearly depict the two types of women: the innocent and the contaminated. In the beginning, the women were both examples of the stereotypical flawless women of this time period. However, as the novel seems to progress, major differences are bound to arise. Although both women, Lucy and Mina, share the same innocent characteristics, it’s more ascertain that with naà ¯ve and inability of self control, Lucy creates a boundary that shows the difference between these two ladies and ultimately causes her†¦show more content†¦The characteristic that successfully saves her was her ability to continue to be strong and continue to control herself. Lucy, on the other hand, usually was weak and she didn’t even try to fight off Dracu la. She often tries to not recollect the events that occurred between the two. In the end, Mina was able to actually go back to her old habits and be back into a pure state, while Lucy, sadly, was not able to. Lucy turned into a vampire, and as a vampire her terrible characteristics were more apparent than those of when she was pure. While Lucy was a vampire, he eyes were â€Å"unclean and full of hell-fire, instead of the pure, gentle orbs we knew† (222-223). Lucy was not only an active threat to children but her desires for the men of the land also posed an active threat. At one point, Dr. Seward recorded, â€Å"at that moment, the remnant of my love passed into hate and loathing; had she then been killed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (223). Both Lucy and Mina get to a common phase of purity but since Lucy has a lack of self control and she has unexpected childish qualities, she eventually had to get back her qualities of innocence in her death. The two main women of Dracula both have ver y similar qualities. Other than that, they also have the same strong differences. In this time era, women were represented as this perfect, loving, and intimate person; however, they often liked to drift from this stereotype of perfection. TheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Bram Stokers Dracula672 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿DRACULA BY BRAM STOKER The epistolary form of the novel consists of a narrative based on letters, diary entries, newspaper clippings and other documentary records. It helps to bring realism into the narrative by lacing it with personal and historical references. It helps to add believability by incorporating a variety of perspectives on the events and characters in the novel. This form works for Dracula because the log of the ship captain and the diary entries of Jonathan Harker provide personalRead MoreEssay on A Summary of Bram Stokers Dracula1054 Words   |  5 PagesA Summary of Bram Stokers Dracula Dracula is an epistolary novel, meaning that is composed from letters, journal and diary entries, telegrams, and newspaper clippings. Jonathan Harker, Mina Murray (later Mina Harker), and Dr. Seward write the largest contributions to the novel although the writings of Lucy Westenra and Abraham Van Helsing constitute some key parts of the book. The novel has a slightly journalistic feel, as it is a harrowing account supposedly written by the people who witnessedRead MoreThe Ideal Victorian Model Of Bram Stoker s Dracula1332 Words   |  6 PagesBram Stoker s novel, Dracula was written during the late nineteenth century and is commonly classified as a horror novel. Further analysis, however, has brought to light the buried symbols and themes of sexuality that the novel holds within it. Due to its female sexual symbolism, the novel draws the attention of most men, as exploring these female forbidden themes were more of a fantasy for them than reality. As Dracula was set in the Victorian culture, it is shown to encompass all the beliefs andRead MoreDracula Archibald Constable And Company 261217 Words   |  5 Pages1) Stoker, Bram. Dracula Archibald Constable and Company 26 May 1897, EBook 2) Copyright Date 1897, Horror fiction/Gothic fiction. This story was written in the 15th Century, during the Victorian time period. The three characteristics it portrays are good and evil, not to judge someone before you know them and man vs. himself 3) Man Vs. Himself There are clear clashes between characters; in any case, the focal clash is amongst man and his feelings of trepidation. Dracula really speaks to malice;Read More Dracula by Bram Stoker Essay1728 Words   |  7 Pages A good example of this is the book Dracula by Bram Stoker because the author expresses the nature of good vs. evil. Dracula wants to come to London because he wants to turn everyone into vampires. The basic background of the book Dracula is when Jonathan Harker, a realtor who is sent to Transylvania to complete a transaction with Dracula so he can come to England. What Harker does not know is that Dracula has a plan for world domination. Well, while Harker is on a train to Transylvania he entersRead MoreCourtroom Case : Phyllis A. Roth Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause she is also a Freudian. A better term to describe Roth would be a psychoanalytic feminist. One of her works as an author can be found in the back of the book Dracula: A Norton Critical Edition. Her criticism article is titled Suddenly Sexual Woman in Bram Stoker’s Dracula. In her article she analyzes the famous novel Dracula. She explores how gender plays a role in the novel and the concept of femininity. She writes about the transformation that takes place when a proper lady turns into aRead MoreComparison : Dracul Lucy And Mina Similarities And Differences1361 Words   |  6 PagesEssay Dracula: Lucy and Mina Similarities and Differences Bram Stoker s novel, Dracula, written during the late nineteenth century and commonly classified as a horror novel. Further analysis of it, however, has brought to light the buried many symbols and themes of sexuality that the novel holds within it. Due to its female sexual symbolism, the novel often draws the attention of most men, as exploring these female forbidden themes are more of a fantasy for them than reality. Also, Dracula was setRead MoreLiterary Analysis : Bram Stoker s Dracula1285 Words   |  6 Pagesthe duality of certain themes common in gothic literature as strange and frightening yet familiar, further explaining that the â€Å"uncanny effect is produced by effacing the distinction between imagination and reality.† (Freud pg.396) Bram Stoker s, Dracula, captures the thematic zeitgeist of gothic Europe; the repression and trappings of a rigid and formal society masking the carnal and base desires of the population at large. Freud s analysis of the uncanny, of attraction mixed with disgust, laysRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Bram Stoker s Dracula1362 Words   |  6 PagesEssay Dracula: Lucy Mina - Similarities and Differences Bram Stoker s novel, Dracula, written during the late nineteenth century and commonly classified as a horror novel. Further analysis of it, however, has brought to light the buried many symbols and themes of sexuality that the novel holds within it. Due to its female sexual symbolism, the novel often draws the attention of most men, as exploring these female forbidden themes are more of a fantasy for them than reality. Also, Dracula was setRead MoreDracula by Jonathan Harker763 Words   |  3 PagesMina Murray-Harker, like all women, is one of the most complicated characters throughout the novel. She can bring all the men together to kill Count Dracula, including the three men who were in competition for Lucy Westenra’s love, and has a mind of her own and that of a males. She is highly spoken of by Van Helsing, â€Å"She is one of Gods women, fashioned by His own hand to show us men and other women that there is a heaven where we can enter, and that its light can be here on earth. So true, so

The Impact of Music on the Performance of a Runner free essay sample

Title of research project: What type of music Is the most effective In helping a 14 year old runner to complete his run (mom) In the shortest time Name I Signature I Date I Name of Teacher-mentor: Signature: Date: Abstract Many people In Singapore face many obstacles while running- one of which Is the fatigue that they experience after running for some time. Hence our project aims to them to feel less tired, and more importantly investigate which genre of music will be most effective in doing so.Also, we aim to gain a deeper understanding of how music an help to reduce fatigue, through a series of social surveys, interviews, and literature reviews. According to professional runners and sport scientists, music is capable of allowing a runner to feel less tired during his run because it blocks off fatigue-related messages to the brain. This has inspired us into investigating what kind of genre of music helps people or different types of people run better. Acknowledgements Firstly, we would like to thank our teacher-mentor Mr..Leroy Coho for guiding us throughout the research education project and giving us insightful and invaluable moments to help us achieve a good research topic and report. We would also like to thank him for taking his valuable time to correct our mistakes and give suggestions to our different tasks and also taking time to answer any of our queries. Lastly, he also gave us relevant and detailed advice when conducting our research and surveys, and also in the making of our final report. Secondly, we would like to thank all the surveys who have provided us with their crucial perspectives on running with music.To counter this problem, many sports scientists have proposed the idea of running with music. In our project, we aim to investigate whether running with music can indeed reduce the tiger experienced by runners, and specifically which genre of music is the most capable of doing so. Purpose of the study We chose to research on this topic because many Singapore run as a form of exercise or for competitions. One of the everyday problems we face when running is the fatigue we experience after running a distance.According to an article, music can make running easier because it blocks fatigue-related messages from reaching our brains (Running with music, 2010. Reenrolled. Com). Music also invokes positive emotions in us, giving us the optimal mind-set and allowing us to run faster. This search topic aims to help runners overcome their fatigue, by finding out which genre of music works best for running. Research Question and Hypothesis Our research question is what type of music is the most effective in helping a 14 year old runner to complete his run (mom) in the shortest time?We predict that deputes deputes music has the fastest beats per minute while classical music would make the runner have the slowest time for mom run. This is also due to the fact that classical music has the slowest beats per minute and that would make the runner slower than running without any music. Limitations of Study Some limitations of our study is that the results might be inaccurate as different runners may have different preferences of music type than others and might even run faster with music of a slower tempo (classical). The weather could also affect the performanc e of the runners. As we are holding our test runs on different days, if one test run is held on a hot day, the runners might run slower than if it was held on a cooler day. Definition of Terms In this research paper, the term running refers to at least 15 minutes of sustained running, and the 14 year old runners used in the research experiment refers to 14 ear old boys from Raffles Institution, who have attained at least a bronze award for NAP. Chapter 2: Review of Literature Source of Primary material For our RE project, we will be conducting a survey, interview, experiment and we will also be conducting an observation.So far, we have completed the survey and we are in the process of finding an interviewee and test subjects. We have 35 survey responses and we will be looking for around 30 test subjects for our experiment. Our survey was conducted at Cube shopping mall and the survey was conducted on 1/3/13. Can music make you a better runner Source of Secondary material Title of Material: Can music m ake you a better runner. Author/ Editor: Matt Fitzgerald (Author) Identification of source: http://www. Active. Com/running/Articles/Can-Music-Make-You-a-Better-Runner. Tm? CPM=291 [emailprotected] Mom Date of publication: -NIL- Reliability of information a) What are the authors credentials? Graduated, he received an offer from Bill Stocky, the original founder of Tripartite, to Join the tiny staff of an endurance sports startup magazine based in Causality. His career has included stints in different sports magazines. A certified sports trombonist, he has served as a consultant to numerous sports nutrition companies. As such, the author is definitely qualified to write the article about running with music based on his credentials. B) Does the author have a bias?The purpose of the source was to find out if running with music could enable one to run faster, by observing some situations of people running with music. This will then allow the audience to know in greater depth, the value of running. The intended audience of the source would be the runners who will have a greater knowledge of better ways of running. Matt intends to keep racing until he cant. Hes run a bunch of marathons and countless shorter running events The source states that the author loves to race and this might make him more favorable to running to music and he might be biased towards running with music. ) Is there corroboration from other independent sources? Yes, according to research done by researchers at Liverpool John Mores University in England in which they found out that music can really benefit a runner; tests have sho wn that performance of athletes with music was higher than without. It has been proved that the brain chooses to impose fatigue based on a prediction of where the odds true physiological limits lie. D) Is there a reputation for reliability? The website the article was from has its own domain name (http://www. Active. Com).The domain name is reliable and reputable as the entire website is describing about the different ways to have an active lifestyle. Many people also visit this website to get more information, and they find it reliable as seen by the 775,1 59 Faceable likes. E) Do the circumstances in which the claims are made affect their credibility? No date was provided for when the article was written, and the article is less credible s we are unsure of whether the article is still relevant in current times. The article provides very important background information and also gives some essential statistics that will benefit our topic.However, the writer met two people who ran with music, one of them being Kara Cougher who listened to music whenever she had a boredom of a long marathon training run, take the edge off ones suffering during a brutal interval session, or add a layer of pure enjoyment to an easy recovery Jog. Therefore the claim in which has been made might be have some credibility in them. Usefulness of information to the project ) What are the writers arguments? The writer argues that running with music could allow one to be a better runner. B) What reasons did the author give in order to support the arguments?The author found out that music could alleviate the boredom of a long marathon training run, take the edge off ones suffering during a brutal interval session or add a layer of pure enjoyment to an easy recovery Jog. It was scientifically proven that music could allo w one to run better as the brain imposes the fatigue at a later stage. Also, he argued that when the athlete is highly-motivated (listening to music), there ill be a better performance as the brain imposes the fatigue at a later stage These reasons are acceptable as they are scientifically proven by students of a university. As such it logically leads to the conclusion that music enables one to run better. C) What is/are the underlying assumption(s) behind the arguments? The assumption would be if the tests conducted were fair and correct, and if the assumption is wrong, it could affect the credibility of the findings. D) How relevant/useful are the arguments to your project? The arguments are very useful and we can use the information in our discussion/ inclusions section in the final report.The information can also be used to explain why running with music could be more effective, and it could also explain our findings in our experiment. Furthermore, it can show us how great the impact of music can be on the runners performance and which types of music ensure the best performance. E) What are the strengths and limitations of the information provided in this source? The strength would be that the findings were all made by reliable sources such as universities and they have been scientifically proven. So me limitations could be that here were not enough of these findings. Let;Running with music Title of Material: Running with music http://www. Ins. UK/Lively/cook/Pages/running-music. Asps Date of publication: -NIL- a) I) The author is sports and exercise expert Professor Andrew Lane, who is able to give us an expert opinion and view on the effects of running with music. Andrew Lane is a Professor of Sport Psychology at the University of Yellowhammers. He has authored more than 100 peer refereed Journal articles and edited two books. He has organized two national conferences, including the annual BASES conference. Lane, 2012) ) The author is very qualified to write this document because he has a tertiary education, has reputable reputation, that he has been invited to do national conferences, shows how he is respected and reliable on a nation-wide scale. B) I) This source is neutral, because its main intended purpose is to educate the reading audience, for them to have a better understanding of the topic discussed. He does not show any sign of strong promotion for the target audience to have an intended outcome after reading his article. ) This source is intended for the running audience that is seeking ways to improve their running. By writing this source, Lane is able to help these people gain a greater understanding of what steps they can venture into and invest to improve their running. Iii) This source is scholarly and popular. Because it is published by INS choices, this shows a kind of confirmation and filtering of relevant information to running with music, thus the great relevance to our work, which is also revolves around the topic of running with music. V) The writer does not have a vested interest. This article is non-profit, and the writer would have nothing to benefit if people ran with music, he would Just have improved he running experience of the audience he targets. C) According to other independent sources, an external stimulus such as music can actually block fatigue-related messages from muscles and organs. When these messages are blocked, you feel like you can run farther, faster. (Adam, 2010) There is indeed corroboration from other independent sources. ) I) This material has its own domain name. It) The domain name INS is very reliable and reputable. Likely to follow recent studies and knowledge. It) The references and data used are very current, with corroboration with major searchers like Audible, and tests conducted to further push their reliability up the mark. Ill) The currency of information for our topic is not as important, because no matter how ancient or recent the experiment, runners would still perceive and experience similar running experiences and outcomes due to motivational music.VI) The writer has every right to claim that music does indeed improve running. From his report, I can infer that he has Justified every point with sufficient research and study. Usefulness of information to the project a) The writer gave arguments, stating that research suggests that if you keep n step with the music, your stride will be more rhythmical and therefore more efficient. (Lane, 2012) b) The author gave reasons stating that Research suggests that listening to music while exercising can reduce perceptions of effort and fatigue by up to 12%. Lane, 2012) I) These reasons are acceptable because they include numbers, indicating real research and study being done. It) These reasons lead to the conclusion stated, because by reducing fatigue, a runners biggest obstacle has been reduced, thus he can run much faster. The underlying assumption behind the arguments is that music can influence our state of mind and mood. I) This assumption is acceptable because humans are living things that react to external stimuli. With music as an auditory stimuli, it is safe to assume that human beings would definitely be affected, mostly emotional and mentally. ) In my group, we will use this information very usefully, by making use of so much research and study done on the part of Professor Andrew Lane, we can glide through our project with ease, using quotes from this reliable source that are relevant to our research. He also gave some song suggestions, which all the other articles did not have. It also talks about how the music beats per minute affect our running. This is another aspect that the other articles did not talk about.After reading the article, we are able to gain a deeper insight on running with music, and we can also conduct our experiment while taking into consideration the beats per minute of a song besides its genre. Exploring into the topic of running to the beat, it has not ventured into the vast study of running with music. However, we will be able to make up for this limitation by conducting our own experiments to test out hypothesis and theories. The Debate on Running with Music Title of Material: The debate on running with music Author/ Editor: Tracey Ellis http://www. Indicts. Net/tips-tricks/the-debate-on-running-with-music Date of publication: -NIL- Tracey Ellis is a freelance Journalist who holds a postgraduate diploma in Journalism and a Bachelor of Arts (honors). Tracey Ellis writes articles for Runarounds, a professional running website which provides runners with useful tips on running, and Joke, a running blob which writes articles mainly about the issue of running with music. She is also a freelance sports Journalist from Paris and a frequent runner too. She writes sports blobs forsook. M, a professional running website. Hence, she is able to provide us with information that is backed up with much experience. Dry. Costa Geographies is a contributing author of the article. He is the Deputy Head of Research in Brunet University, London. He has an international reputation for his research on the psychophysical and ergonomic effects of music. Dry. Costa Geographies has written over 90 articles on sports and exercise psychology, which have been featured in newspapers around the world (The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal).Hence, both authors are qualified to write this article. Tracey Ellis, can be seen to be biased towards running with music. However, she keeps in mind that her views in the article are the perception of only one person who prefers running with music. Also, the article includes the results of an investigation conducted by a sports psychologist on the effects of running with music and it also views the topic of running with music from the perspective of a typical runner who is deciding whether or not to run with music; hence, overall, the article is not biased.The main purpose of the article is to allow readers (runners) to gain a deeper insight on the effects of running with music. Essentially, the target audience of the article would be runners. Apparently, the article is not very popular as out of the approximately 1000 readers of Runarounds, only 16 readers have read and commented on the article; but the article is definitely scholarly, as it has the insights of a professional sports psychologist (see authors credentials: Dry. Costa Geographies). E can safely say that the information from this article is correct and can be relied upon. Indeed, both authors of the article have a vested interest for running, and Dry. Costa Geographies also a great interest for researching on sports psychology, hence his boosts the reliability of the source. There are a few corroborations from other independent sources, such as Physician. Com (website is currently down) which proves Dry. Costa Geographies theory right about the positive effects of running with music.The article also made references to Audio Fuel and Joke, which are professional running websites that talks about running with music. This source has a reputation for reliability as it has its own domain name and is a widely-known website. The article was published 2 years ago, in 2011. The references and claims made in he article are proven to be current with cross references to Audio Fuel and Joke, but the data in the article leave much to be desired for, as there is nothing to substantiate it.However, the currency of the information does not have a great impact on our research as these pieces of information will not necessarily change (effects of running with music will not change over time unless proven by tests). The writer has 2 arguments in the article: running with music is more effective and running with music can be dangerous. The writer backs up her claim that running with music is more effective with the theory from Dry. Costa Geographies, that running with music can improve athletic performance by 15%.The reason for her claim is reasonable, hence her claim is logically acceptable. The writer backs up her argument that running with music can be dangerous especially when running in the streets by providing reasons and solutions: listening to music can block off sounds hence runners might not hear the sound of oncoming vehicles and pedestrians. She suggests using sounds-safe earphones or turning the volume down to solve this issue. Her argument is acceptable as the reasons for her claim are very logical. This article debates about some of the effects of running with music.It compares and contrasts running with music and running naked, which means running without any running gear, it explains how running with music can help runners run more effectively, and also takes into consideration some of the dangers of running with music (using headphones). The whole topic provides much room for debate, especially on the aspect of safety. As such, this article will be very useful for our research as we are able to obtain more information and opinions from everyday runners and we can view the topic of

Epidemiology Measuring Disease Burden †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: 1.What is the reason behind using standardised rates in epidemiology? 2.Demonstrate your understanding of when to apply standardised rates to population measures. 3.Discuss the difference between crude and standardised rates and provide a local example of why this is necessary. Answers: 1. Standardization is useful while measuring disease burden in one population or comparing between populations. Standardizing the rate is helpful when comparing rates between populations as it helps removes the potential confounders such as age factors that differ between population. Thus, standardization is a measure of disease frequency that promotes comparison of epidemiology in different population along with various confounding variables (Keiding Clayton, 2014). 2. Standardization rate is applied in epidemiological research to overcome the effect of confounding variables such as control for age. Comparing mortality and morbidity rates in two or different countries is essential for the evaluation of health status of a community. Crude rates of population measure give misleading data as there is a chance of different frequency distributions in a diverse population. In this situation, standardization rates are useful as it makes population characteristics standard (Lopez Mathers, 2013). 3. A crude rate is calculated based on population under study as a whole while the standardized rate in calculated on particular characteristics as a standard. In epidemiology, knowing the incidence of disease or mortality rate between two or more population is essential. Comparison of crude mortality rate is often misleading because of demographic characteristics such as age or sex in that influences the overall morbidity rate. For example, two Australian health surveys investigated the rates of the long-term cardiovascular problem in the Australian population. In this case, age characteristics differ for indigenous and n0n-indegenous Australians. In this situation age, standardization is a useful technique to allow populations to be compared when age profiles of the population differ. Age is an important determinant of mortality, and crude rates may be affected by population distribution due to age characteristics. Thus, standardization helps in confounding age variable and comparing age-specific rates (Moran et al., 2014). References Keiding, N., Clayton, D. (2014). Standardization and control for confounding in observational studies: a historical perspective.Statistical Sc Lopez, A. D., Mathers, C. D. (2013). Measuring the global burden of disease and epidemiological transitions: 20022030.Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology. Moran, A. E., Tzong, K. Y., Forouzanfar, M. H., Roth, G. A., Mensah, G. A., Ezzati, M., ... Naghavi, M. (2014). Variations in ischemic heart disease burden by age, country, and income: the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 study.Global heart,9(1), 91-99.